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Glossary of Intellectual Disabilities

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How are intellectual disabilities termed?
mental retardation,
developmental disability,
cognitive delays
What is intellectual disabilities?
Developmental disorder
below avg IQ (intelligent quotient)
Deficit in 2 or more areas of ADLS
Ways that may be used to test intellectual disability?
IQ test
adaptive functioning: compare func w/typical child
mental age: std test
(SOMETIMES CAN'T BE TESTED)
What is the avg IQ?
and What is within normal limits?
Avg = 100
Normal Limit = 85 to 115
(however 90 and below will have diff w/reading & math)
What are the 4 levels of MR? (give scores)
Mild: 55 - 69
Mod: 40 - 54
Severe: 25 - 39
Profound: below 25
When can the possible etiologies of MR occur?
Prenatal
Perinatal
Postnatal
What are the prenatal causes to MR?
GENETIC (chromosomal factors)
ACQUIRED (2ndry to teratogens, drugs, toxins maternal infections)
What are the perinatal causes to MR?
Anoxia or hypoxia during labor or the birthing process;
premature births which can cause RDS, apnea, hydrocephalus, risk of brain bleeds
What are the postnatal causes to MR?
Infections (meningitis or encepalitits)
Trauma (TBI)
Toxin
What are characteristics of mild MR?
Read @ 4/5 grade level
Write simple letters
Do simple math
as an adult, can live alone
What are characteristics of moderate MR?
Write name
Read simple text/words
know home phone #
understand written #'s
understand basic concept of money
as adult, live w/supervision
What are characteristics of severe MR?
Require support in all areas of occ performance
Learn simple rules
May recognize own pic
May have physical disabilities such as CP, seizures, etc
What are characteristics of profound MR?
Has phys dis
Requires Max assist
May learn to comm
What mental functions are impaired due to MR?
orientation
emotional instability
impulse control
attention
What Language functions are impaired due to MR?
recall/retrieve words
articulation, 2ndry to phys dis
What behavioral/emotional functions are impaired due to MR?
psychosocial dis (depression)
hyperactivity
aggressiveness
excessive shyness
OCD
ADD
self-stimulating (hand flapping, biting, etc)
What sensory functions are impaired due to MR?
visual/auditory
tactile defensiveness
oral hypersensitivity
sensory regulation
What movement related functions are impaired due to MR?
delay of milestones
low MS tone
oral motor control
What system functions are impaired due to MR?
cardiac,
pulmonary
blood
digestive
metabolic
urinary
reproductive
skin conditions
food allergies

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