Greek and Roman Mythology
Terms
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- Stories involving the gods and their relationship with mankind
- Myths
- Story containing a kernel of historical truth, with fictional elements
- saga or legend
- Story of oral origin with elements of the fantastic, usually involving heroes or heroines.
- Folktale
- Interpretation of myth that demands the "aitia" or cause or reason for a fact, a ritual, or an institution.
- Etiology
- attempt to rationalize classical mythology. "Gods were great men who became deified"
- Euhemerism, Euhemerus, c. 300 B.C.
- Interpretation of myths as ways to explain meterological and cosmological phenomena. Max Mueller
- Allegorical Nature Myths
- Oedipus Complex, also developed the theory that myths serve the same purpose as dreams by releaseing our inner desires. Symbols in dreams work the same way as symbols for Myths.
- Frued
- Believed in a "Collective Unconcious", which is the psychic tendencies of a society. Also believed that myths contain Archetypes, which are traditional symbols which a society comes to depend.
- Carl Jung
- Worked as an anthropologist among the Tobriand Islanders, related the close conection between social institutions and myths. Myths are related to practical life.
- Malinowski
- Myths are used to negotiate between binary pairs and resolve them, structuralist
- Levi-strauss
- Made a list of terms which can be used to compare one myth to another
- Vladmir Propp
- Myths contain successive layers of meaning, and can change over time
- Walter Burkert
- Foudner of Modern Arhaeology, found the ruins of Troy and Mycenae. (1822-1890)
- Schliemann
- Found the ruins of the Bronze Age Civilization which lived in Crete in 1899, named Minoans
- Sir Arthur Evans
- Goddess of the earth, fertility mother, came from Chaos. married to Uranus
- Gaia
- Potent concept of Love, came from Chaos
- Eros
- Area of in the depths of the earth, place of punishment worse than Hades, came from Chaos
- Tartaros
- he darkness of Tartaros, another name for the place itself
- Erebos
- Children of Gaia and Uranus, have only one eye in the middle of their head. Their name means Orb-eyed, there were three, made lightening and thunder bolts
- Cyclops
- More children of G and U, massive monsters with hundreds of hands
- Hecatonchires
- Important children of G and U, became the rulers after their parents
- Titans
- Titan of the sea, he was the stream of ocean that connects all land.
- Oceanus
- God of the sun, had the son Helios
- Hyperion
- Son of Apollo, Hyperion, or Helius, wanted to ride in teh chariot of the sun for a day. Loses control and is killed by Zeus
- Phaethon
- goddess of the moon, daughter of Hyperion, drives a chariot as well, replaced by Artemis
- Selene
- Goddess of the dawn, child of Hyperion
- Eos
- Ferocious dragon who zeus killed to become the dragon killer, fought alongside the giants
- Typhon
- ages which Hesiod describes as GOld, silver, bronze, heroes, and iron,
- Five ages of man
- goddess of the hearth like her mother Hera and Artemis
- Eileithyia
- According to Solon (legendary character) the happiest man on earth, exemplifies Greek humanism
- Tellus the Athenian