Firefighter 1 Final
Terms
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- What are the four fundamental components of a water system?
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-Source of water supply
-Means of moving water
-Water processing/treatment facilities
-Water distribution system, incl. storage - What are the three methods of moving water in a system?
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-Direct pumping system
-Gravity system
-Combination system - A fire hydrant that receives water from only one direction is a _______.
- Dead-end hydrant.
- A fire hydrant that receives water from two or more directions is a _______.
- Circulating feed or looped line.
- A distribution system that provides circulating feed from several mains constitutes a _______.
- Grid system.
- A grid system consists of what three components?
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-Primary feeders
-Secondary feeders
-Distributors - Valves for water systems are broadly divided into what two types?
- Indicating and Nonindicating
- Name two common indicator valves:
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-Post Indicator Valv (PIV)
-Outside Screw & Yoke (OS&Y) - What are the four kinds of water pressure, and how is pressure measured?
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-Static pressure
-Normal operating pressure
-Residual pressure
-Flow pressure
-Pressure = force per unit area - Define 'static pressure'.
- Non-flowing water. Potential energy available to force water through pipe, hose, etc. Also defined as normal pressure existing in system prior to flow hydrant being opened.
- Define 'normal operating pressure'.
- Pressure in a water system during periods of normal consumption demand (average of total amount used per day per anum).
- Define 'residual pressure'.
- Pressure left in a distribution system when flowing water, i.e., that part of the total available pressure not used to overcome friction/gravity.
- What are the two types of hydrants?
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-Dry-barrel
-Wet-barrel - Hydrant color codes: name the four colors and their corresponding GPM rates.
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-Light Blue: At least 1,500 gpm
-Green: 1,000-1,499 gpm
-Orange: 500-999 gpm
-Red: Less than 500 gpm - Define 'fire stream'.
- A stream of water or other extinguishing agent after it leaves a nozzle until it reaches the desired point.
- At 212 degrees (F), water expands how many times its original volume?
- 1700
- Fire streams are classified into what three sizes?
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-Low-volume (<40 gpm)
-Handline (1.5-3inch hose, 40-350 gpm)
-Master (>350 gpm) - What are the three patters of fire stream?
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-Solid
-Fog
-Broken - What are the three ways in which foam extinguishes/prevents fire?
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-Separating (fuel and fire)
-Cooling (fuel and surfaces)
-Suppressing (smothering - prevents release of flammable vapors) - Foam is especially effective on the two basic categories of flammable liquids, which are:
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-Hydrocarbon fuels
-Polar solvents