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Glossary of Dr. Paul Anthelminthics

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Name 6 macrolides.
Doramectin (Dectomax)
Eprinomectin (Eprinex)
Ivermectin
Milbemycin (Interceptor)
Moxidectin
Selamectin
What is the MOA of macrolides?
Bind w/ high affinity to a glutamate-gated choloride channel causing paralysis and death of parasite
What are the target organisms of Doramectin (Dectomax)?
round worms and arthropods
What are the target organisms of Eprinomectin (Eprinex)?
round worms and arthropods
What are the target organisms of Ivermectin?
round worms and arthropods
What are the target organisms of Milbemycin (Interceptor)?
round worms and arthropods
What are the target organisms of Moxidectin?
round worms and arthropods
What are the target organisms of Selamectin?
round worms and arthropods, is also effective against encysted small strongyles in horses
Name 8 Benzimadazoles.
Albendazole (Valbazen)
Cambendazole
Fenbendazole (Panacur)
Febentel
Oxfendazole
Thiabendazole
Oxibendazole
Netobimin
What is the MOA of benzamidazoles?
Inhibit fumarate reductase which blocks mitochondrial function (by dirupting microtubule equilibrium) depriving the parasite of energy and thus resulting in death
What are the target organisms of Albendazole?
Nematodes and flukes in cattle and sheep
Giardia in dogs and cats
What are the target organisms of Cambendazole?
Nematodes and flukes in cattle and sheep
Giardia in dogs and cats
What are the target organisms of Fenbendazole?
Nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, and giardia
What are the target organisms of Febantel?
Nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, and giardia
What are the target organisms of Oxfendazole?
benzimidazole-resistant small strongyles
What are the target organisms of Thiabendazole?
?? apparently it is truly a wide spectrum drug
What are the target organisms of Netobimin?
Nematodes and flukes in cattle and sheep
Giardia in dogs and cats
What is the MOA of tetrahydropyrimidines?
Act as a nicotinic agonist that disrupts the neuromuscular system, thus causing contraction and subsequent spastic paralysis
Name 2 tetrahydropyrimidines?
Pyrantel
Morantel (Rumatel)
What organisms does Pyrantel target?
-Rounds
-Hooks
-Tapeworm at high doses
-Prevent migration of Ascaris Suum (when continuosly fed on a daily basis)
What organisms does Morantel (Rumatel) target?
GI nematodes
What is the MOA of Piperazines
-Neuromuscular blockage through disruption of GABA
What organisms do Piperazines target?
Only Rounds
What is the MOA of organophosphates?
Phosphorylates the acetylcholinesterase enzyme which results in continued depolarization w/ the end result of paralysis effective against many internal and external parasites
What organisms do organophosphates target?
-Rounds
-Hooks
-Whips
What is the MOA of isoquinolones?
Attack the NMJ and the tegument producing paralysis and tegumental destruction
What organisms do isoquinolones target?
Cestodes (tapeworms)
Name 2 isoquinolones.
Praziquantel or Epsiprantel
What organisms does Clorsulon target?
Very effective against immature and mature Fasciola hepatica
What is the MOA of Fipronil?
Acts on the CNS of the insect Inhibits chloride flux regulated by GABA receptors (binding is much tighter in the invertebrate then the vertebrate, thus allowing for target selectivity)
What are the target organisms for Fipronil?
-Fleas
-Ticks
What is the MOA of Imidacloprin (Advantage)?
-Impairs CNS
-Binds to nicotinic receptors and prevents Ach from transmitting information
What are the target organisms for Imidacloprin (Advantage)?
-Fleas
-Lice

-Advantix = fleas and ticks
What is the MOA of Pyriproxyfen (Nylar)?
-Insect growth regulator that acts on the juvenile insects (does not act on adults)
What are the target organisms for Pyriproxyfen (Nylar)?
-Fleas (juveniles only)
What is the MOA of Nitepyram (Capstar)?
-Inhibits specific nicotinic Ach receptors and interferes w/ normal nerve transmission and lead to death
What are the target organisms for Nitepyram (Capstar)?
Fleas (adults only)
What is the MOA of Selmectin (Revolution)?
?? Bind w/ high affinity to a glutamate-gated choloride channel causing paralysis and death of parasite ??
What are the target organisms for Selmectin (Revolution)?
DOG:
-Flea
-Tick
-Ear mite
-Mange
CAT:
-Flea
-Tick
-Hooks
-Rounds

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