Dental Tech. Vol. 1
Terms
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- What is the crown of the tooth?
- The anatomical crown is that portion of the tooth encased in enamel. The clinical crown is applied to the part of the crown exposed in the mouth.
- What is the root of the tooth?
- The root of the tooth is embedded in alveolar bone and is covered by cementum.
- What is the cervix of the tooth?
- Slight indentation that encircles the tooth and marks the junction of the crown with the root.
- What is the term for a tooth with two roots?-three roots?
- bifurcated- trifurcated
- Cementum
- bonelike tissue that covers the roots of the teeth in a thin layer. joins the enamel and the cervix of the tooth at the cementoenamel junction.
- The dental pulp
- soft tissue of the tooth which develops from the connective tissue of the dental papilla.
- The alveolar process
- bony portion of the maxilla and mandable where the teeth are embedded and by which tooth roots are supported
- Periodontium
- the tissues that surround and support the teeth. thier main purpose is to support, protect, and provide nurishment for the teeth.
- cortical plate (portion of alveolar process)
- the cortical plate is composed of ligual and facial plates of compact bone.provides strength and protection and acts as attachment for skeletal muscles.
- alveolar crest
- highest point of the alveolar ridge and joins the facial and lingual cortical plates.
- trabecular bone
- trabecular or spongy bone lies within the central portion of the alveolar process and is the less dense canellous bone.
- alveolar bone proper
- thin layer of compact bone that is a specialized continuation of the cortical plate & forms the tooth socket
- periodontal ligaments
- thin, fibrous ligament that connects the bone to the socket. fibers act as impact absorbers for mastication.
- masticory mucosa
- comprised of the tissue that covers the hard palate and the gingiva.
- hard palate
- covered with masticatory mucosa and firmly adhered to the palatine process. parts:1.incisive papilla,2.palatine raphe,3.palatine rugae
- gingiva
- specialized masticory mucosa covering the alveolar process. aids in the support of teeth and protects the alveolar process & periodonal ligament from bacterial invasion.
- dental caries
- a lesion starting on the enamel of the tooth and eventually grows into the dentin involving the pulp.
- acute pulpitis
- inflammation of the pulp caused by injury to the pulp, usually from dental caries or trauma. MOST FREQUENT CAUSE OF SEVERE TOOTH PAIN.
- periapical abscess
- results from an infection of the pulpal tissue causeing the pulp to become necrotic
- marginal gingivitis
- inflammation of the gingival tissue
- necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
- severe infiction of the gingival tissue, commonly referred to as TRENCHMOUTH.
- periodontitis
- inflammation ofthe gingiva that incolves thec rest of the alveolar bone and the periodontal ligament above the alveolar crest.
- periodontal abscess
- caused by an infection of the periodonal tissues.
- pericoronitis
- inflammation of the gingiva around a partially erupted tooth.
- stomatitis
- inflammation of the oral mucosa.
- recurrent labial herpes
- caused by a cirus that produces the so-called fever blister or cold sore.
- postextraction hemorrhage
- may occur any time from a few hours to several days after the extraction of the tooth.
- postextraction alveolar osteitis
- commonly regerred to as DRY SOCKET. results when a blood clot fails to form or washes of the socket of a recently extracted tooth.
- type I fracture
- enamel fracture.a slight chip or fracture of the tooth enamel layer only, or with possible minimal dentin involvement.
- type II fracture
- enamel/dentin fracture: extensive fracture involving the enamel and dentin laters, with no pulp exposure
- type III fracture
- enamel/dentin fracture with pulp exposure: extensive fracture with the pulp exposed, most or all of the crown is fractured off, bleeding from crown fracture
- type IV fracture
- root fracture: a fractured root which may be further complicated by a fracture of the crown, tooth mobility, and other facial trauma associated with the accident.