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Components external to the cell wall

Terms

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Core Polysaccharide
-ketodeoxy octaneoic acid
-hexoses
-pentoses
(Provide Charge)
'0' side chains
Branched polymer of sugars
-hexoses;pentoses;heptoses
(provide charge)
Lipopolysaccharide
Lipo-->lipid a(modified NAG w/fatty acids)
saccharide-->various
highly antigenic
Porins
provide a water channel for movements of solutes(sugars, amino acids)into the cell. usually have size excusion limit of about 600-700 daltons.
functions of the outer membrane
1)transport(via porins)
2)charged surface(net -)repel antibodies
3)protects against host immune system.
pilli
made up of protein
1)fimriae-solid, attachment
2)Pili-hollow, conjugation, transport of DNA.
Flagellum
proteinacreous
hollow
anchored by basal bodies in the c.m
motor proteins assoiciated with basal bodies that provide rotational capability to the flagellum.
run
rotates in counter clockwise direction forward movement
tumble
rotation in a clockwise direction. involved in sensing.
bacteria and an attractant
while bacteria can not tell concentration difference across the length of the cell they can tell the difference btw two points
Capsule
only make them when they need to.
polymers of sugars-glycocalyx-100x larger then the cell.
protection from immune cells and anitbiotics
Drawbacks of capsule
nutrient diffusion to the surface reduced.
Endospore
Bacterial endospores are highly resilient to heat, UV light and desiccation.
Have Cacium dipicolnic acid-protecting cytoplasmic contents of the spore.
Basic spore structure
Exosporin(sugar polymer)->spore coat(protein)-> Cortex/cell wall(peptidoglycan)-> Ribosomes, proteins, chemicals-> Nuclear material(DNA)
Sporulation is dependent on
"Quorum Sensing"(chemical sensing)-like adrenalin rush

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