Common Lab Values 2
Terms
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- urine tests-WBCs
- present with infection and inflammation
- total bilirubin
-
0.1-1.0
-increase with hemolytic and perniscious anemia, eclampsia -
White bld cells, WBCs
-
4.5-10.6
-inc w. infection, inflammation, stress, tissue necrosis
-dec w/ viral infections, chemo, radiation, NSAIDs - albumin
-
3.5-5.0
-increased with multimyeloma
-decreased with loss of plasma from burns and malnutrition - urine tests-casts
- usually indicate renal/kidney damage, infection or presence of kidney stones
- Amylase
-
15-200 units
-increase in acute pancreatitis, mumps, carcinoma of the pancreaous
-decrease w/ chronic pancreatitis, cirrohosis of the liver, acute alcoholism - urine tests-glucose
- increase with diabetes or stress
- Activated Partial thromboplastin Time, APTT or ATT
-
20-45 seconds
-need to monitor if no heparin - Sodium, NA
-
135-145
-inc w/ hemoconcentration, nephritis
dec w/ addisons disease, myxedema - chloride
-
95-105
-inc w/ nephritis, urinary obsctruction, anemia
-dec w/ diabetes, burns, vomiting
- urine tests-ketones
- diabetes with elevated bld glucose levels
- Creatine phosphokinase, CPK or CK
-
male50-325 female50-250
-inc w/ MI, IM injections, delirium tremors - urine tests-RBCs
-
present with kidney stones, infection, inflammation
- International normalizing ratio, INR
-
1-2
need to monitor if on coumadin, when it is higher - urine tests-protein
- increase with renal/kidney damage, dehydration, strenous excercise, fever
- lactic dehydrogenase
-
100-225
-inc w/ untreated pernicious anemia, MI, pulmonary infarction, liver disease - urine tests-bilirubin
- positive with liver disorders
- platelet count
-
200,000-300,000
-inc w/ chronic granulocytic anemia
-dec w/ thrombocytopenia, purpura, during chemotherapy -
lipoproteins-total plasma cholesterol
-
desired <200
borderline 200-239
high 240
- Creatinine
-
0.7-1.14
-inc w/ nephritis and chronic renal disease - Hematocrit, Hct
-
males 42-50% females 40-48%
-inc w/ dehydration, hemoconcentration r/t shock
-dec w/ anemias+pregnancy, blood loss - partial thromboplastin time, protime, PT
-
70-100% of control
-need to monitor if on coumadin, when it it will me higher
- Cholesterol
-
-inc with diabetes, lipemia, jaundice,
-dec with perniscious anemia, infections, hyperthyroidism - Carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA
-
0-2.5
-inc w/ cancer of colon rectum, pancreas and stomach - Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ESR or sed rate
-
males0-9 females 0-20
-inc w/ tissue distruction, pregnancy - Blood urea nitrogen, BUN
-
10-20
-inc with dehydration
-dec with fluid excess, pregnancy - magnesium, MG
-
1.8-2.2
-inc w/ ingestion of epsom salts
-dec w/ chronic alcoholism, severe renal disease - lipoproteins-low density lipoproteins(LDL) cholesterol
-
desired 130
borderline 130-159
high 160 - Calcium
-
8.5-10.5
-inc w/ tumor or hyperplasia of parathyroid, mulimyeloma
-dec w/ diarrhea, malnutrition
- hemoglobin, Hgb
-
males 13-16 females 12-14
-inc w/ polycythemia, COPD, O2 loss becus of CHF, live in high altitudes
-dec w/ anemias, excess fluid, hemorrhage - lipoproteins-high density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol
- desired >35
- glucose
-
fasting60-110 2hrs post prandial 65-140
-inc w/ diacetes, nephritis, infections, pregnancy, uremia
-dec w/vomiting addisons diseae, hepatic damage - creatinine clearance
-
100-150 of bld cleared of creatinine/mn
-dec w/ kidney disease
- potassium, K
-
3.5-5.0
-inc w/ addisons disease, oliguria, anuria, hemolysis
-dec w/ diahhrea, vomiting
- leukocyte count
-
5,000-10,000
-inc w/ acute infection, acute leukemia, surgury,trauma
-dec w/ aplastic anemia, toxic agents, shemotherapy - prealbumin
-
<10 severe malnutrition
10-17 moderate malnutrition
>17 no risk for malnutrition
-short half life so more responsive indicator of malnutrition than albumin - prostate specific antigen
-
0-7.2
-increases with age, in response to prostate cancer or prostate hypertrophy - total protein
-
6.0-8.0
-inc w/ hemoconcentration shock
-dec w/ malnutrition, hemorrhage, plasma loss from burns - Red bld cells, RBCs
-
4.2-5.4
-inc w/ hypoxia, dehydration, polycythemia
-dec w/ recent bleeding, kidney probs, illness