Chavin
Terms
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- When did the Chavin culture commence and how do we know that they were indeed a culture?
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3000B.P.
recognizable; had unifying religion with a distinct and striking art style. This was spread across previously highly regionalised valleys. - Where did the Chavin first emerge?
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Chavin de Huantar
Like the Olmec, brought together large and geographically broad pop. under banner of a single religious if not political entity. - What were the common Chavin motifs?
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Felines (poss. jaguars)
raptorial birds
snakes
caiman
Staff god-a deity holding two
staffs/rods - What Chavin artifacts have been discovered?
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Intricately woven textiles with motifs woven from hairs of domesticated camelids.
Hammered 3D gold objects; evidence of soldering and sweat welding and decoration technique of repousse.
Silver-gold alloys - hallmark of S. America seen for first time. - What were the characteristics of Chavin de Huantar?
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- Along natural trade and transportation route b/w highland valleys, coast and interior tropical forest. (excess wealth generated by wealth)
- by 2500B.P. ceremonial center grew to become one of earliest urban centers in S.America.
-houses and neighbourhoods were constructed according to a plan.
-drainage system
-temples and huge storage facilities. - Why did the Chavin art style spread?
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common and unifying religion;
- Facilitated trade b/w various groups
- spread of technology and new social patterns brough people together. - How did a differentiated class emerge?
- Those in position to control trade and info.= 1st members of differentiated class of people who lived in larger houses, propitiated the gods and monopolised key symbols of power.
- What kind of empire did Richard Burger believe the Chavin were?
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Religious empire, not political
Their symbols were very similar to the Olmec - What are the three main sites of the Chavin?
- Chavin de Huantar, Huaca Florida, El Paraiso
- What were two Chavin innovations?
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Mummy bundles at Pisco Paracas
Metallurgy - Chavin de Huantar - What were the main structures at Chavin de Huantar?
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Large plaza-temple complex.
two u shaped temples; one gallery has a huge monolith.