Chapter 2 flashcards 2
Terms
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- Assisted Reproductive Tech
- a range of techniques to help women who are infertile to conceive and give birth.
- birthding center
- a nonhospital settng established to provide labor and delivery and postpartum services for the low-risk maternity patient etc.
- Bonding
- development of an emotional attachment btsn parent and offspring through frequent and close physical contact
- Chorion villi testing
- procedure iinvolving cervical insertion of a catheter into the uterus t obtain a piece of the developing placenta for chromosomal analysis.
- Braxton-Hicks
- intermittent painless contractions of the uterus that may occur q 10-20 min p the 3 mo of preg
- chromosomes
- threadlike structures composed of DNA and proteins that carry genes and are found within each body cell nucleus
- curettage abortion
- a surgical procedure that expands the cervix to permit passage of a curett to scrape the surface lining othe uterus
- dominant genes
- genes that express themselves if present on one or both chromosomes in a pair
- embryo
- thestage of prenatal devel beginning in the 2nd week and lasting theough the eighth week
- family pluralism
- recognition of many viable types of family structures
- fertizization
- the penetration of an uvum by a spermatozoon, usually occurring in the fallopian tube
- fertilization age
- the number of completed weeks of pregnancy counting from 14 days after the beginnin of the last menstrual period to the birth of the neonate
- Fetal alcohol syndrome
- congenital anomalies resulting from chronic, usually excessive, ETOH consumption
- Fetal differentiation
- occurs when the preg woman separates the individuality of the fetus from her own personhood.
- fetal viability
- the capability to survive outside of the womb, typically requiring atleast 25 wks of gestation
- Fetus
- the developing organism from the 9th wk of pregnancy to birth
- Gamete intra-falopian tub transfer
- a procedure to obtain suitable ova and sperm and insert them into the fallopian tube where fertilization can occur naturally.
- Genes
- basic units of heredity, made of DNA, and found on chromosomes
- Gene replacement therapy
- implantation of genetic material to alter the genotype
- genetic counseling
- providing appropriat e knowledge about human genetics and advice to guide the decidsions of persons concerned about hereditary abnormalities
- genetic heterogeneity
- a genetic principle that a trait, sucha s mental retardation, can have a different etiology in different persons.
- genetic liability
- the state of being prone to hereditary disorders.
- genotype
- the totality of the hereditary information present in an organism
- germ cells
- the ova and spermatozoa, the function of which is to reproduce the orgnaism
- gestation
- the length of maturation time from conception to birth. In humans average=280 days (range 259-287)
- gestational age
- # of complete weeks of pregnancy counting from the 1st day of the last menstrual period.
- infertility
- the inability to create a viable embryo
- interactive genes
- corresponding genes that give separate yet controlling messages
- intrauterine fetal death
- spontaneous cessation of fetal life
- intrauterine insemination
- surgical implantation of an ovum and sperm into the uterus
- in vitro fert
- fert in a culture dish or test tube...then implanted into uterus
- low birth weight
- <2500 g 5lbs-8oz
- misscarriage
- naturally occurring loss of a fetus prior to 20 wks gestation also known as spontaneous abortion.
- multifactoral inheritance
- genetic traits that are controlled by multiple genes
- multigravida:
- a pregnant woman who has reviously experience pregnancy.
- neonate
- infant up to one month of age
- phenotype
- the expression of genetic traits in an individual
- pleiotropy
- the ability of a single gene to have many effects.
- premature birth
- a fetus born any time proir to 37 wks
- primipara
- a woman who has delivered only one infant of at least 500 grams (20 wks gestation) whether the child is alive or dead at time of birth
- protective factors
- personal and societal factores that reduce or protect against risk
- quickening
- fetal movement
- recessive genes
- genes that express themselves only if present on both chromosomes in a pair
- risk factors
- personal or societal factors that increase liklihood of prob occuring
- Roe v Wade
- 1973 US supreme court ruling that legalized abortion in the first trimester and left it to the discretion of the woman and her physician
- sensitive period
- different organs are sisitive during certain developmental times
- sex chromosomes
- chromosome pair #23, which determines the sex of the child
- sex-linked trait
- a trait that is controlled by a gene located on one of the sex chromosomes
- small for gestational age
- lower than normal birth weith, given teh number of weeks gestation
- spontaneous abortion
- naturally occurring loss of a fetus prior to 20wks of gestation; also known as miscarriage
- stillbirth
- the birth of a dead fetus after more than 20 wks
- teratogen
- anything present during prenatal life that adversely affects normal celular development in form or function in the embryo or fetus.
- vacuum curettage
- curet or catheter removes uterine contents before the 12th wk of pregnancy
- very low birth weight
- <1500g or 3lbs-3oz
- Webster v Reproductive Health Services
- a 1989 U.S. Supreme court ruling that Medicaid could not fund abortions.
- zygote
- a fertilized ovum cell