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Glossary of Cardiac Cycle 2

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All the events related to the flow of blood through the heart during one complete heartbeat.
cardiac cycle
What opens and closes the heart valves?
Pressure differences on the two sides of the valve.
List the three phases of the Cardiac Cycle.
1. Ventricular Filling, 2. Ventricular Systole, 3. Isovolumetric Relaxation
Blood flows passively into the atria, through open AV valves, and into the ventricles.
Ventricular Filling: Passive
Atria contract, forcing the remaining blood into the ventricles.
Ventricular Filling: Atrial Contraction
Ventricles contract and intraventricular pressure rises, closing the AV valves.
Ventricular Systole: Isovolumetric Contraction
Rising ventricular pressure forces semilunar valves open. Blood is ejected from the heart.
Ventricular Systole: Ejection
Ventricles relax and ventricular pressure drops. Blood backflows, closing semilunar valves.
Isovolumetric Relaxation
True or false: Blood passes through the bicuspid valve at the same time blood is also passing through the tricuspid valve.
True
What closes the AV valves?
A greater pressure in the ventricles compared to in the atria.
What opens the semilunar valves?
Increased ventricular pressure
What closes the semilunar valves?
A greater pressure in the arteries compared to in the ventricles.
What opens the AV valves?
A greater pressure in the atrium compared to in the ventricles.
True or false: The right side of the heart contracts, then the left side of the heart contract.
False
What is the relationship between pressure inside a chamber of the heart and the state of the heart muscle (relaxed or contracted)?
When a chamber of the heart contracts, pressure increases and when the chamber relaxes, pressure decreases.
Blood always moves from ____ pressure to ____ pressure.
high
low
What causes heart valves to open and close?
Pressure changes
During the Isovolumetric Contraction phase, are the AV valves and Semilunar valves opened or closed?
AV valves are CLOSED
Semilunar valves are CLOSED
During the Isovolumetric Relaxation phase, are the AV valves and Semilunar valves opened or closed?
AV valves CLOSED
Semilunar valves CLOSED
During the Ventricular Ejection phase, are the AV valves and Semilunar valves opened or closed?
AV valves CLOSED
Semilunar valves OPEN
During the Ventricular Filling phase, are the AV valves and Semilunar valves opened or closed?
AV valves OPEN
Semilunar valves CLOSED

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