Biology Test on Ecology
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- What is the bond angle of water?
- 104.5
- What % of US farmland is inside the Great Lakes Basin?
- 7%-14%
- What atom in water has a partial positive charge?
- oxygen
- What happens to water when it freezes?
- it gets less dense
- If all the water on Earth was 4000mL, how many mL are frozen polar ice caps and glaciers?
- 83mL
- If all the water on Earth was 4000mL, how many mL is readily available fresh water?
- 0.36mL
- What type of bonding holds the atoms of a single water molecule together?
- polar covalent
- What type of bonding attracts water molecules to each other?
- hydrogen bonding
- What temperature does water freeze at under STP?
- 32°F/0°C
- What temperature does water boil at under STP?
- 212°F/100°C
- How old is the earth?
- 4.5 billion years
- How old is the solar system?
- 5 billion years
- What % of the US population lives in the Great Lakes Basin?
- 10%
- At what temperature is water most dense?
- 4°C
- How long is 1 Astronomical Unit?
- 93 million miles
- What do xylem do?
- they carry nutrients and water up from the roots to the leaves
- What do phloem do?
- they carry food down from the leaves
- What are stoma?
- they are openings on the underside of leaves where transpiration occurs
- Where is water stored in the plant?
- in water vacuoles
- When the guard cells are ________ the stoma is open.
- turgid
- When the guard cells are ________ the stoma is closed.
- flacid
- What is plasmolysis?
- the process of wilting
- What does ubiquitous mean?
- everywhere
- What is the form of carbon that is made of sturdy tetrahedral bonds called?
- diamond
-
Q=MC∆T
what does Q stand for? - energy
-
Q=MC∆T
what does M stand for? - mass
-
Q=MC∆T
what does C stand for? - specific heat
-
Q=MC∆T
what does ∆T stand for? - temperature change
- What is the specific heat of liquid water?
- 4.184J/gºC
- What is water's energy of fusion?
- 6.00kJ/mol
- What is water's energy of vaporization?
- 40.70kJ/mol
- What is evaporation?
- the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor
- What is precipitation?
- water released from clouds in the form
- What is transpiration?
- the process by which plants release water into the atmosphere
- What are guard cells?
- cells that control the opening and closing of the stomata
- What is runoff?
- water from precipitation that flows across the gound to bodies of water
- What is percolation?
- the downward movement of water through soil
- What is groundwater?
- water that exists in the ground
- What is an aquifer?
- a layer of water-bearing permeable rock, sand, or gravel capable of providing significant amounts of water
- What is solar energy?
- radiant energy from the sun
- What is a water table?
- the top of the water surface in the saturated part of an aquifer
- What is the name of the largest US aquifer?
- the Ogalla Aquifer
- What is medicinal runoff?
- runoff that consists of antibiotics and growth hormones
- What is the CHZ?
- the Continously Habitable Zone
- Why is the level of estrogen in the water supply rising?
- because of birth control pills and chlorinated compounds (mimic estrogen)
- What are 6 non-native species living in the Great Lakes Basin?
- lamprey eel, purple loosestrife, round goby, zebra mussel, spiny water flea, ruffe
- How many cubic miles of water is contained in the Great Lakes Basin?
- 5,500 cubic miles
- What % of Great Lakes water drains into the Atlanic each year?
- less than 1%
- How many miles of shoreline do the Great Lakes supply?
- 10,000 miles
- What % of the world's available fresh water supply is in the Great Lakes?
- 18%
- How many square miles do the Great Lakes cover?
- 94,000 square miles
- How many square miles does the Great Lakes Basin cover?
- 295,7000 square miles
- What percentage of the US population lives in the Great Lakes Basin?
- 10%
- How many people live in the Great Lakes Basin?
- 40 million??
- How many people use the Great Lakes Basin for drinking water?
- 25 million??
- What types of pollutants are considered Critical Chemicals of Concern?
- DDT, PCBs, dioxin, lead, mercury, etc
- What are lipophilic compounds?
- they become more concentrated in each trophic level, being deadliest to the highest in the food chain
- Why are non-native species dangerous to the ecosystem?
- thye try to take over a niche already occupied by another organism in the ecosystem, and may have no natural preadators in the new ecosysytem
- What is the largest Great Lake?
- Superior
- What is the smallest Great Lake?
- Erie
- How many ships pass through the Soo Locks each year?
- about 10,000
- What Great Lakes do the Soo Locks connect?
- Lake Huron and Lake Superior
- How many species are rare or only found in the Great Lakes Basin?
- 100 species
- How many tons of cargo pass through the Great Lakes Basin each years?
- nearly 50 million tons
- How much money is spent each year on fishing in the Great Lakes Basin?
- $4.5 billion
- Name the 5 Great Lakes.
- Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior (H.O.M.E.S.)
- Name the states/provinces of the Great Lakes Basin.
- Minnesota, Wisconson, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Quebec, Ontario
- What kind of energy do photosynthesizing autotrophs use?
- radiant energy
- What kind of energy do chemosynthesizing autotrophs use?
- electrical energy
- What kind of energy do heterotrophs use?
- chemical energy
- What is the modern definition of organic chemistry?
- the study of molecules consisting of carbon to carbon bonds
- Where is ADP restored into ATP?
- in the mitochondrea
- What does sellenium do for the body?
- prevents blood clots
- What does copper do for the body?
- aids vision
- What does calcium do for the body?
- helps build strong bones, allows brain to send messages to muscles
- What is the balanced equation for cellular respiration?
- 6 O2 + 6 H2O + ADP + P -> C6H12O6 + CO2 + ATP
- What is a population?
- a group of organisms of the same species
- What is a community?
- a group of populations of differing species
- What is the charge on a phosphate group?
- -3
- What kind of bonds form between the phosphates in the phosphate group?
- high energy
- What % of humans is water?
- 65%
- What 6 major elements make up all living organisms?
- C, H, O, N, P, S
- What is an autotroph?
- an organism that derives energy from photosynthesis
- What is a heterotroph?
- derives energy from organic molecules
- What does ATP stand for?
- Adenosine Triphosphate
- What does zinc do for you body?
- acts as an enzyme to make it possible for DNA to replicate
- What is a watershed?
- an area where all the precipitation flows into a single body of water
- What is an ecosystem?
- all living and non-living things in an area
- What is another name for red blood cells?
- erythrocytes