Apollo med terms ch. 4
Terms
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- abduction
- The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body
- achillies tendinitis
- inflamtion of the achilles tendon
- adduction
- The movement of a limb toward the midline of the body
- adhesion
- A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally
- anticholinergic
- Mediation administered to control spasmodic activity of smooth muscles
- ataxia
- Inability to coordinate the muscles in the execution of voluntary movement
- atonic
- Lack of normal muscle tone
- atrophy
- weakness and wasting away of muscle tissue
- atropine
- an antispasmodic that may be administered preoperattively to relax smooth muscles
- bradykinesia
- estreme slowness in movement
- circumduction
- the circular movement at the end of a limb
- contracture
- abnormal shortening of muscle tissues making the muscle resistant to stretching
- dorsiflexion
- movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle
- dyskinesia
- distortion or impairment of voluntary movement as in a tic or spasm
- dystaxia
- difficulty in controlling voluntary movement
- dystonia
- a condition of abnormal muscle tone
- electromyography
- records the strength of muscle contractions as the result of elecrrical stimulation
- epicondylitis
- inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow
- ergonomics
- the study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment
- fasciitis
- inflammation of a fascia
- fascioplasty
- surgical repair of a fascia
- fibromyalgia syndrome
- a chronic disorder of unknown cause characterized by widespread aching pain, tender points, and fatigue
- ganglion cyst
- a harmless fluid filled swelling that occurs most commonly in the outer surface of the wrist
- hemiparesis
- slight paralysis of one side of the body
- hemiplegia
- total paralysis of one side of the body
- hyperkinesia
- abnormally increased motor function or activity
- hypertonia
- a condition of excessive tone of the skeletal muscles with increased resistance of muscle to passive stretching
- impingement syndrome
- occurs when the tendons become inflamed and get caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint
- intermittent claudication
- pain in the leg muscles that occurs in the legs during exercise and is relieved by rest
- kinesiology
- the study of muscular activity and the resulting movement of body parts
- muscular dystrophy
- a group of inherited muscle disorders that causes muscle weakness without affecting the nervous system
- myalgia
- muscle tenderness or pain
- myasthenia gravis
- a chronic autoimmune disease in which there is an abnormality in the neuromuscular function causing episodes of muscle weakness
- myocele
- protrusion of a muscle through its ruptured sheath or fascia
- myoclonus
- a spasm or twitching of a muscle or group of muscles
- myofascial damage
- tenderness and swelling of the muscles and their surrounding fascia that are casued by overuse
- myolysis
- degeneration of muscle tissue
- myoparesis
- a weakness or slight paralysis of a muscle
- myorrhaphy
- to suture a muscle wound
- myosistis
- the inflammation of a skeletal muscle
- myotonia
- delayed relaxation of a muscle after a strong contraction
- paraplegia
- paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body
- physiatrist
- a physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation
- plantar fasciitis
- an inflammation of the plantar fascia causing foot or heel pain when walking or running
- polymyositis
- a chronic progressive disease affecting the skeletal muscles that is characterized by muscle weakness and atrophy
- pronation
- rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward
- quadriplegia
- paralysis of all four extremities
- sarcopenia
- the age-related reduction in skeletal muscle mass in the elderly
- singultus
- myoclonus of the diaphragm, which causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm
- spasmodic torticollis
- a stiff neck die to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pulls the kead toward the affected side
- sphincter
- a ringlike muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway
- supination
- the act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward
- tenodesis
- to suture the end of a tendon to the bone
- tenodynia
- Pain in a tendon
- tenorrhaphy
- suturing of a divided tendon
- bi-
- two
- -cele
- hernia
- dys-
- bad
- fasci/o
- cover, support, and separate muscles
- -ia
- condition
- -ic
- pertaining to
- kinesi/o
- movement
- fibr/o
- fibrous connective tissue
- my/o
- muscle
- plegia
- paralysis
- rrhexis
- rupture
- tax/o
- coordination
- ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
- attach muscles to bones
- ton/o
- tone
- tri-
- three