225Adrenal
Terms
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- Zona Glomerulosa
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Aldosterone - Mineralcorticoid
Regulated by the renin-angiotensin system in response to BP changes
Angiotensin II acting through cell surface receptors stimulates cell to synthesize and secrete aldosterone
Renin to Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II which causes blood pressure rise and salt retention - Zona Fasiculata
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Cortisol - Glucocorticoid
Regulated by ACTH from pituitary which is regulated by CRH from hypothalamus. Feedback control
ACTH acting through cell surface receptors stimulates teh synthesis and secretion of cortisol - Zona Retiularis
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DHEA - Androgens
Also regulated by ACTH but no feedback control - Adrenal Medula
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Catecholamines: Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Regulated by sympathetic nervous system - Roles of glucocorticoids in metabolic regulation, stress response, inflammation
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Keep availability of energy and carbohydrate
Permissive for gluconeogeneic enzymes
Causes insulin resistance which leads to increased protein breakdown in muscles and increased lipolysis for FA and gluconeogenesis
Require for stress response: But scientists aren\'t sure why
Suppress inflammation and immune function - Mineralcorticoids and water balance
- Aldosterone causes kidneys to retain sodium, thus increasing volume
- Function/Regulation of Catecholamines
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Sympathetic nervous system
Fight or flight
Smooth muscle relaxation to increase air flow/oxygenation
Vasoconstriction in some ares to preserve blood for important areas
Metabolic = Similar to glucocorticoids but on a short time scale