Bio 225 Exam 1
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- Explain the relationship between the environment, genotypes, and phenotypes.
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Environment effects how genotype is going to function.
The genotype determines the phenotype - The phenotype is a product of what two factors?
- The genotype and the environment
- The genotype is the product of...?
- evolution acting through natural selection and other evolutionary processes
- True of false: Homeostatic level is a number
- False -- it\'s a range
- Define: Phenotype
- Morphology - appearance includes physiology and behavior
- Define: Phenotypic Plasticity
- the ability of a phenotype to change in response to environmental conditions
- Define Adaptation:
- Changes in population over evolutionary time as a result of natural selection that improve the survivability or reproductive fitness of the species.
- Phenotypic plasticity allows for the same _______ to result in multiple _________.
- Genotype, phenotypes.
- True or False: The environment effects the phenotype
- true
- True or False: The environmental effects can be internal and external.
- True
- Define: Homeostasis
- Maintenance of a constant internal environment despite changes in external environment.
- True or falst: homeostasis = equilibrium
- FALSE! Equilibrium = death
- Any change in the ________ elicits a physiological response which functions to maintain ___________.
- Environment, homeostasis.
- The two regulatory systems are?
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Endocrine System
Nervous System - Endocrine system is _______ & _______.
- Slow and sustained
- Effects of the nervous system are _______ and __________.
- fast and transient
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Define: Positive Feedback
- That is, A produces more of B which in turn produces more of A. Positive feedback is in phase with the input, in the sense that it adds to make the input larger
- Define: Negative Feedback
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Examples of this are numerous, from the regulating of body temperature, to the regulating of blood glucose levels.
when gland X releases hormone X, this stimulates target cells to release hormone Y. When there is an excess of hormone Y, gland X \"senses\" this and inhibits its release of hormone X. - Feed-forward Action =
- Anticipatory Action
- Define: Anticipatory Action
- You put your jacket on before leaving the building because you know it will be cold.
- Define: Acclimitization
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Adjustment in physiological function/s in response to changes in the environment (multiple factors).
- Define: Acclimation
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a laboratory phenomenon adjustment in response to only one factor.