- A series of digital addresses applied to an audio stream to provide machine-readable adress is called....?
- SMPTE time code
- A set of instructions for accomplishing anything that has a recoginzed end result, often having steps that repeat or require decisions of logic and comparison?
- An Algorithm
- Describe a Peak limiter and a Leveling amplifier.
- Peak limiter-a compressor with a fast attack and medium/fast release.
Leveling Amp-Med attack, med/slow release, high ratio, low threshold - Generally speaking, the tapes on which the artist records on are owned by who?
- The record label
- Give some common choices that would be best for for close micing a High SPL source?
- Any DYNAMIC microphone can handle a HIGH SPL! Some common choices are a BETA 52, AKg D112, Senheiser MD 421 and BETA 56 are good choices.
- Give the facts of the MRL level:
- 185 nwB/M= 0vu, 250nwB/M=+3, 370 nwB/M=+6, 520 nwB/M= +9
In order to calibrate tape/op levels, then the equation MRL-OP=0Vu must be applied - How do you Solo Isolate a channel on the SSL AWS 900?
- This cannot be done on the SSL AWS 900!
- How many busses does the SSL AWS 900+ have?
- 8
- How many dedicated aux sends are on the SSL AWS 900+?
- 4
- How many voices and tracks does the MPC 2000 XL have?
- 32-voice and 64 tracks
- How would you accomplish the aural illusion of sound moving backward and forward within the stereo field?
- Simply adjust the relationship between the dry and the wet signal!
- If a 10' reel of tape yields 2500 ft of tape, how long is the recording time when using 30ips? 15ips?
- at 30 ips: recording time is 16mins, 40secs; at 15ips: rec time is 33 mins, 20 secs.
- In a compressor, what kind of knee gradually reacts when signal crosses the threshold?
- Soft Knee
- In a compressor, what kind of knee immediatley reacts when signal crosses the threshold?
- Hard knee
- In AWSomation, when you trim a fader on the SSL AWS 900, what happens to the previous automation data?
- An offset is added to or subtracted from the previous automation data.
- Markets known for significant amounts of production, but typically lack elements including product and other major support industries are known as what type?
- Secondary market
- On the 480L, the configuration of when the output of machine A is going to the input of machine B is called...?
- Cascade
- On the Tape machine, what is it called when audio from one track "leaks" into another heightwise, resulting in incorrect low frequency response?
- Fringing
- On the tape machine, what is leakage of signal info to adjacent tracks?
- Cross-Talk
- On the tape machine, what is the method called to adjust repro azimuth using an O-scope?
- Dual trace and X/Y method.
- Recall data and Automation data on the SSL AWS 900 are stored as _________ data
- SysEx (MIDI)
- Scenario: An engineer asks you to set up M-S micing using the same pair of mics, name some mics that you can use?
- Neummann U-87, Neumann TLM 170, and AKG C414 are possible choices because they all have the capability to use bi-directional and cardioid patterns!
- Sudden and unwanted deep gain reduction is called...
- Pumping
- The amount of attenuation when the gate is closed is called...?
- Range
- The CD master needed for replication that contains the PQ codes needed to represent the start and end times of each track is called what?
- Red book master
- To activate the studer @ auto locator......
- The TD REM must be engaged!
- True or false : Bias OPTIMIZES the liner transfer of signal to tape.
- TRUE!!
- True or false: 30 ips gives the best overall frequency response, while 15ips give better low end response
- TRUE!! the slower the tape travels, the more low frequecies can be captured to tape.
- True or false: Two of the same microphones with the exact same model number considered a matched pair.
- FAlSE!!! in order for two mics to become a matched pair, they must be benched tested to make sure they have a MATCHED FREQUENCY RESPONSE
- Upon recording, the RIAA curve boosts and cuts what frequencies at 17dB?
- it boosts 17dB @ 15kHz and cuts 17dB @ 50Hz
- User-defined sets of parameters on the Lexicon 480L and 960L are.....?
- registers
- Using the SSL 9000/J, what patch point would be best using channel output function and an outboard time-based processor?
- Group output
- What are the common bias adjustmenst for tape cal?
- Overbias=10 Khz
Peak=1Khz
Min modulation noise= 7Hz
THE RECORD LEVEL IS ALWAYS 0VU! - What are the common tones for recording azimuth?
- 8Khz and 16 Khz
- What are the three Automation Protection Modes on the SSL AWS 900 console?
- Manual, Safe, Auto
- What bias adjustment techinque invloves an 8khz (coarse) and 16kHz (fine) tone to a specified number of dB past the peak?
- Over Bias
- What compressor is "frequency dependent"?
- A De-Esser
- What describes the pre echo paramater on a 480L reverb program?
- Early refletions.
- What do you press to change configurations on the 480L and 960L?
- Control on the 480L
Config on the 960L - What happens to signal flow when the sub-gp switch is activated on the SSL?
- the signal comes from the buss to the channel I/O
- What is a cost effective way to reduce reflections within a project studio?
- Use AC ductboard/ cut panels to capture refletions
- What is a true characteristic of analog tape with regards to the noise floor?
- Every time the number of tracks double, the noise floor increases by 3dB!
- What is configuration on the 480L in which machine A and B receive the same inputs, but the outputs are routed to the outputs of the mains and auxes?
- Stereo Split
- What is it called when a compressor begins its gain reduction?
- Knee or slope.
- What is it called when two arrays of numbers of different size, but of the same diminsionality, to produce a 3rd array of numbers of the same diminsionality?
- Convolution
- What is the act of moving audio from several different sections of two or more tracks and re-assembling on a single track is normally referred to as?
- Comping
- what is the act of moving audio within the multitrack by means of a secondary storage space normally referred to as?
- Fly-ins
"Wildtracking" is when two or more machines are not locked to together by any common sync source. - What is the approximate 1/16 note delay time for a song that is in 4/4 time @ 134 BPM?
- TO figure out:
1.60000/BPM= 1/4 delay
2 since we want 1/16 notes, we divide the 1/4 delay by 4 to give us the 1/16 note which is .112 ms - What is the best technique involving phase reversal to make a sound source ( a Tom or snare for example) sound deeper than it really is?
- one mic on top of the source and one mic on the bottom of the source; the bottom source will have its phase reversed to give the perception of depth.
- What is the configuration on the 480L where it uses two independent signal processors and route the outputs to the mains and auxes?
- Mono split.
- What is the correct signal flow for Re-Amping, starting at which poin of origin?
- 1.Patch out the MTR to the MIC lines
2.Mic panel>turnaround>re-amp box>1/4 amp
3. connect mic to the mic panel. - What is the difference between an audio subgroup and a fader(VCA) group?
- In an audio subgroup, the dynamics, EQ, and panning information follow the signal.
- What is the first 16-bit sampler of the MPC
- MPC 3000
- What is the function called that allows you to rewind and fast foward tape at half-speed allowing for a better "packing" or storage of tape?
- Library wind
- What is the main reason for having a console in a project studio?
- Easier cue monitoring, no latency, and the studio looks professional
- What is the most accurate way of adjusting repro azimuth?
- By using the Mono Meter Method.
- What is the most common form of word clock for MIDI instrument and sound modules?
- MIDI beat clock
- What is the most effective way to record "live" drums as MIDI data?
- Drum triggers
- What is the most important element to proper micing techinque and why?
- Placement is the most important technique because the performance of the mic is dependent of the placement of the mic with regards to the pattern of the mic.
- What is the most important thing to check when using multiple mics on one instrument?
- PHASE!!!! PHASE!!!! PHASE!!!!!!
- What is the phenomenon of cancellation or reinforcement at different frequencies called?
- Comb Filtering.
- What is the proper routing for a mix engineer to "throw" a vocal:
The engineer wants to "throw" the vocal on I/O 20 to an effects processor, given that the "throw" is set up on I/O 24? - On I/O 20:
Press Pst LF and buss it to I/O 24
On I/O 24:
on the buss, Sub GP, take it out of the stereo bus( On the large fader; On the small fader press post LF. THEN ROUTE IT TO AN OPEN BUSS
On the patch bay:
GRP Out>processor, return the processer to open I/O on console. - What is the purpose of the re-amp box?
- To change balanced line level signal into unblanced mic level signal.
- What is typically included in the studio rate?
- The equipment in the room and an assistant
- What is used to cut master laquer?
- a Lathe
- What Micing Techinque would allow you to make a room or space wider than It actually is?
- M-S micing
- What monitoring volume is the most accurate level to check relative balance of your mix?
- LOW volumes!
- What must the studer be set on to be controlled by another machine?
- EXT on the tape machine; this allows the engineer to control the tape machine from the master section of the console.
- What processor lowers the noise floor?
- A noise Gate
- What specific changes happen occur in the consoles signal flow when the channel output function is engaged?
- The signal goes from the large fader to the small fader
- What type of microphone is the best choice for recording a sound source with a high SPL level?
- Dynamic microphone
- What type of microphone is the best choice for recording a sound source with a wide dynamic range?
- Condenser microphones
- What type of microphone pattern is best suited to to record drum ambience in a live sounding room?
- Omni-directinal Microphone
- What version of the final mix includes all tracks except the lead vocal?
- THE TV TRACK!
- When recording bass, it is commonly practiced, although not confined to, using using which signal for attack and which signal for body?
- The DI (direct in) box gives more attack, where the bass amp can give body to the signal.
- When recording the final mastered mix to ANY 2-track, what should always be monitored?
- The destination. (the 2-track. destination, not source, should ALWAYS be monitored when recording anything to anything, as a general rule.)
- When setting up an audio subgroup on the SSL 9000/J in MIX MODE, and returning the subgroups to the large fader, which 2 buttons on the sub gp's I/O's must be engaged?
- Sub-GP and LF Mix
- Which component of the tape machine spins at the same speed the tape is trveling, converting this information into tack pulses for the comparitive circuit?
- Capstan
- Which listening mode on the studer is best for mixing sessions?
- Repro mode
- Which micing techinque is where you can point a pair of directional mics with the capsules away from each other,while aiming at the sound source?
- Near coincidental micing:
A-B spaced pair
ORTF (french)(seperated @ 110 deg)
NOS-Dutch( seperated @ 90 deg)
- Which micing techinque is where you can point a pair of directional mics with the capsules toward each other,while aiming at the sound source?
- Coincident stereo micing:
X-Y
M-S
Blumlien Array - Which patch points would not be a good place to return an outboard mic pre?
- Mic amp or channel mic in!
You would be amplifying a pre-amplified signal. Result=distortion - Which type of code does the SSL AWS 900 use for positional reference?
- MTC!
- Who engineered Pink Floyd's
"Dark Side of the Moon" - Alan Parsons
- Who was the engineer known for new technologies, mostly the billy joel catalog and recording frank sinatra?
- Phil Ramone
- Why do we store analog tape "Tails Out"?`
- To make sure print through occurs after the original sound source. Remember, print-through CANNOT BE PREVENTED!!!!!
- Why would engineers typically place the aux and cue sends AFTER the MTR in signal flow?
- So that both live sources and playback from the MT
