- "wrist and finger extensors"
- innervation: radial nerve
action: extends wrist and/or fingers - anterior compartment (muscles, function, innervation)
- caracobrachialis (crosses shoulder), biceps brachii (crosses shoulder and elbow), brachiallis (crosses elbow)
function- flexion
innervation- musculocutaneous - articular (joint) capsule
- attaches the margin of the glenoid fossa and to the anatomical neck of the humerous
- biceps brachii
- action: flex arm at shoulder joint, flexor of elbow, supinator of forearm
- biceps tendon (long head)
- travels in the intertubercular groove, then attaches to supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
- brachialis
- innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
action: forearm flexor (agonist) - brachioradialis
- innervation: radial nerve
action: flexes forearm at elbow - coracobrachialis
- action:flexes and adducts arm
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve - deltoid (3 heads: anterior, middle, posterior)
- action: anterior-flexes and medially rotates arm
middle- abducts arm
posterior- extends and laterally rotates arm
innervation: axillary nerve - glenoid cavity (fossa)
- covered with articular cartilage
- glenoid labrum
- rim of fibrocartilage
- head of humerous
- covered with articular cartilage
- latissimus dorsi
- action: extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus
- levator scapulae
- elevates scapula
- pectoralis major
- action: adducts and medially rotates humerus
- pectoralis minor
- action: downward rotation and depression of scapula
- posterior compartment (muscles, function, innervation)
- triceps brachii- long head- crosses shoulder and elbow
medial/lateral- crosses elbow
function- extension
innervation- radia nerve - pronator quadratus
- innervation: median nerve
action: pronation of forearm - pronator teres
- innervation: median nerve
action: pronation of forearm - radiohumeral
- (lateral)- capitulum of humerous and had of radius
- rhomboids (major and minor)
- Action: retraction of scapula
- rotator cuff
- continuous contraction of these muscles is primarily responsible for holding the head of the humerus within the glenoid fossa. critical for stability
- rotator cuff muscles
- supraspinatus (abduction), infraspinatus (lateral rotation), teres minor (lateral rotation), subscapularis (medial rotation)
- serratus anterior
- action: protraction of scapula and upward rotation of glenoid cavity
innervation: long thoracic nerve - supinator
- innervation: radial nerve
action: supination of forearm - teres major
- action: extends, adducts, and medial rotates the humerus
- thenar eminence
hypothenar eminence - innervation: thenar- medial nerve
hypothenar- ulnar nerve
action: flexion, abduction, and opposition of thumb and little finger - trapezius
- innervation: spinal acessory nerve (CN XI)
action: upper- elevates and upwardly rotates scapula; extends head and neck
middle- retracts scapula
lower-depresses and upwardly rotates scapula - triceps brachii
- innervation: radial nerve
action: primary forearm extendor (agonist) - ulnohumeral
- (medial)- trochlear notch of ulna and trochlea of humerous
- wrist and finger flexors
- flexor carpi radialis
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor digitorum profundus
flexor carpi ulnaris
flexor pollicis longus
palmaris longu
innervation: primarily median nerve
action: produce flexion at all joints crossed
