- abducens (CN VI)
- pons of brainstem
exits s.o.f.
eye movements - accessory (CN XI)
- medulla oblongota of brainstem and spinal cord
exits jugular foramen
motor to SCM and trapezius - arachnoid layer
- middle layer
- corpus callosum
- white matter structure allowing communication between the hemispheres
- cranial cavity
- location of the brain and cranial meninges
- dorsal rami
- posterior branch from spinal nerve
- exteroceptors
- pain, hot/cold (ambient temperature), touch, body position
- facial (CN VII)
- pons of brainstem
enters:internal audiotry meatus
exits:stylomastoid foramen
muscles of facial expression; taste; parasympathetic - four lobes
- frontal (skeletal muscles)
Parietal (touch, pain, temp. taste)
Temporal (auditory/ olfactory)
Occipital (visual) - functions of cerebrum
- conscious thought and intellectual functions
processing of somatic sensory info
complex motor behaviors - glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
- medulla oblongota of brainstem
exits jugular foramen
sensory to pharynx; taste; parasympathetic - hypoglossal (CN XII)
- medulla oblongata of brainstem
exits hypoglossal
motor to tongue muscles - hypothalamus
- located inferior to thalamus; pituitary gland hangs from it
primary link between nervous system and endocrine system - integrative
- processes incoming info and initiates a response
- interoreceptors
- blood pressure, gas levels, internal temperature, stretch
- medulla oblongota
- continuous with spinal cord, stops at foramen magnum
- meninges and meningeal spaces
- dura matter, arachnoid layer, pia mater
- motor
- produces an action in response to environmental stimuli
- oculomotor (CN III)
- located midbrain of brainstem
exits superior orbital fissure
eye movements; parasympathetic - olfactory nerve (CN I)
- location: olfactory epithelium
exit: cribriform plate
sense of smell - optic nerve (CN II)
- located in retina of eye
exits optic canal
sense of sight - phrenic nerve
- intervates diaphragm to let it contract
- pia mater
- not visible
adheres to neural tissue of brain/ spinal cord
anchors network of blood vessels which supply the brain and spinal cord
provides lateral stability to the spinal cord via the denticulate ligaments - pons
- transmits/ relays impulses between cerebrum and cerebellum and brainstem
- SAN
- somatic afferent neurons
sensory neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
carry pain, vibration, pressure, heat/cold, stretch, and proprioceptive info back to the CNS; may also carry info regarding the special senses
don't ori - SEN
- somatic efferent neurons
motor neurons w/ cell bodies located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord or ventral regions of the brainstem
carry efferent outflow to skeletal muscles fibers - Sensory
- monitors the external and internal environment
- spinal cavity
- location of spinal cord and spinal meninges
- thalamus
- sensory relay and processing center
- trigeminal (CN V)
- pons of brainstem
opthalmic-s.o.f.-sensory to upper face
maxillary-foramen rotundum-sensory to midface
mandibular-foramen ovale-sensory to lower face - trochlear (CN IV)
- midbrain of brainstem
exits s.o.f.
eye movements - vagus (CN X)
- medulla oblongata of brainstem
exits jugular foramen
motor and sensory to pharynx, larynx; parasympathetic - VAN (GVA)
- sensory neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion
transmite visceral pain, nausea, and info about stretch, pressure, and chemical stimuli from visceral structure
cannot convey distinctions between sensations of hot v. cold, fine v - VEN
- neurons of the autonomic nervous system
carry efferent outflow to smooth muscle, exocrine glands or cardiac muscle
sympathetic/ parasympathetic - vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)
- pons and medulla oblongata of brainstem
exits jugular formen
equilibrium and hearing
