- a class of drugs were developed to prevent the removal of serotonin in the synapse
- SSRIs
- a type of memory that results from visual auditory or olfactory input is the
- sensory memory
- abomasum
- digestion (true stomach)
- adhd
- treated by methylphenidate or ampetamin. also know as ritalin.
- Alzheimer's disease results from the accumulation of protein aggregates known as
- amyloid plaques
- Alzheimer's disease
- results from the accumulation of amyloide plaques in the brain. the plaques begin as an abnormal degradation of APP, a potrien found on the surfac of nerve synapse. the degradation yieldsbeta amyloid which accumulates around nerve cells. this blocks commu
- ancient cellular process
- dates back to 540 million years ago
- animal brains
- relatively the same as humans.
- animal communication
- meerkats with their high pitched alert sounds. dolphins understanding commands. koko the garilla who learned sign language.
- animal consciousness
- dolphins and chims can recongixe their own image ina mirror. elephants understand death by visiting bones.
- animal intelligence
- elephant finding water, the Clark's nutcracker to find 90% of the seeds hidden.
- apoptosis
- programmed cell death, development, growth, repair
- as seen in Hermy's case the portion of the brain responsible for short term memory is the
- hippocampus
- as seen in the case of bill the layer, the ability to think ahead predict consequences on ones actions exists int he ____ lobe of the brain
- frontal
- bioleaching
- a process where microbes are used to extract metals from ore left over from the mining of precious metals. microbes can get engergy from inorganic elements found within ore, such as sulfide. in copper mining, microbes have been added along with water to t
- biosphere 2
- project built to a self contained environment that could sustain 8 people for two years....
- building blocks that comprise the biological molecules
- amino acids (protien) monsaccharide (carbohydrates) nucleotides (nucleic acids) fatty acids and glycerol (lipids)
- burst of anger and agression or deprssion
- the person fails to produce enough serotonin, neuronal excitation cannot be controlled
- cell processes we share
- genetic codes, enzymes, biochemical processes, energy metablism
- cerebral cortex's role
- pre frontal lobe- responsible for forming long term relationships.
- cerebral cortex
- responsible for long term memory
- cerebrum
- needed for insight learning such as problem solving
- chimps
- use tools to get food
- chlorpramazine
- developed to help allergies but was found to have a profound effect on people with psychotic diseases. before chlorpramazine the positive long term prognosis for psychotic patients was less that 20% after improved to over 70%
- cocaine
- inhibites the uptake of dopamine by binding to the dopamine transporters andby blocking their action.
- commensalism
- microbial flora, no clinical symtoms
- commitment
- a pledge to remain true to your mate thoughout the good and bad times. this is easy when times are good and difficult when times are bad.
- consummate love
- this has all three stages; intimacy, passion, and commitment.
- cows digestive process
- the y swallow the grass into the rume, one chamber of their stomach, where microbes ferment the grass to breakdown the cellulose and get energy fro themselves. the remaining plant matter is then regurgitation and swallowed into the rest of the cow's d
- declarative memory
- memory that is famiiar to us. we have conscious awareness of acessing this type of memory. this memory is used in a wide variety of information including names, places factual inforamtion, ideas and can also be tied to emotin
- depression
- cockatoo who plucked out feathers and was giving Prozac.
- dopamine
- important in mainting motor coordination.involved with the childhood disorder knowing as adhd
- dopamine, norephinephrine, and phenylethylamine
- responsible for infatuation, not long term relationship.
- DSM IV
- the authoritative source for diagnosing mental illnesses. before only 12 not 374
- during a depressive episode the production of the neurotransmitter ____ is deficient
- serotonin
- electroconvulsive therapy
- an electrical current is passed through the brain and acts as a reset mechanism, it still used today to treat patients with server depression who fail to respond to all other treatments.
- endorphins
- fish that are caught by ahookare flooded with 8xs the normal level of this. similar to a runners high
- eposodic memory
- your person memory's from experiences.
- Eukaryotes
- have, cell membranes, ribosomes, and a membrane bound nucleus. oranelsses such as chlorplasts, lysosomes and mitochondria. both multi and unicellular.Plants and animals
- Facilitated Communication
- help autistic children communicate.
- frontal lobe
- part of the brain responsible for integrating short-term and long-term memory
- grand mal seizures
- violent muscle contractions and rhythmic jerking of the body. the a period of unconsciousness follows. they typically do not cause damage to the brain however if the seizures last long enough they can result in neuronal loss.
- hallucinations
- dreaming, sleep deprivation, psychotic hallucination, and hallucinogenic drugs.
- hippocampus with alzheimer's
- this is the first brain area affected by the amlyoid plaques and abnormal fibril formation.
- how epilepsy can be treated
- antiepileptic drugs, surgical removal of brain area associated with abnormal electrical activity. and the last resort would be to sever the corpus callosum.
- if not processed futher into long term memory, shrot term memory only lasts for a few______
- minutes.
- implicit memory
- recalled witout conscious awareness of doing so (unconscious). generally associated with motor activities such as riding a bike or playing the piano and is acquired through repetition.
- Improve memory
- divide information into memor units of 4-6 items ascribe meaning to the information using mnemonics
- in the 1950s the drug ____ was developed to help allergies but was found to have a profound effect on people with psychotic diseases.
- chlorpromazine, thorazine
- in the eary to mid 1900s people with mental illness were given a treatment where their frontal lobes were destroys, a procedure knows as a prefontal
- lobotomy
- increase suface area
- the foldsor gyri do this. and when you do this there are more neurons.
- increases the releases of dopamine
- when a person falls in love, there is an elevation in the activities of the dopaminergic neurons which does this...
- insulin shock therapy
- patients received a massive dose of insulin to induce a state of hypoglycemia
- intimacy
- a closeassociation with another person of the deepest nature. you share your thought, your feelings, your dream.s in true intimacy, there is nothing that you cannot tell this person.
- life cycle variations
- reproductive success, reproductive strategies, environmental factors, resource availabilities. evolutionary history
- life expectancy
- the longevity that is affected by environmental conditions
- life span
- biological limit of species, genetically determined
- limbic systems role
- Ventral tegmental area- responsible for desireNucleus accumbens- responsible for the pleasure center and sexamygdala- responsible for emotion
- lobotmy
- where they take out a part of the prefrontal lobe
- long term memory results from a process known as LTP which stands for
- long term potentiation
- long term memoy is stored in the columns of neurons found in the
- cerebral cortex
- long term potentiation
- a process which long-term memory results from
- long-term memory
- consists of important information that can be kept from years up to the rest of our lives.
- love- jealousy
- macow and monogamy, no sharing the mate
- manic depression low episode
- the production of the neurotransmitter serotonin is deficient. during the depression phase their mood is quite sad suffer from anxiety and guilt. they might suffer from a loss of appetite's and can have suicidal behavior.
- manic depression
- bipolar disease, a type of mental illness where the patient suffers from sever mood swings of extreme highs and lows.
- manic phase
- patients experience exaggerated mood elation. their conitive ability is affects and they can have grandoise of unrealistic ideas.
- marsupial strategy
- kangaroo, giving birth to live young, greater maternal investment, fewer young, greater survival rate.
- memory that allows us to remember a phone number just long enough to make a call is know as
- short term memory
- mengicoccal
- most virulent bacterical disease can be found in normal flora in 10% of the population. it can break through the normal body defense and penetrate the tissues. the cause of the virulence is the release of endotoxins.
- methlyphenidate
- increases dopamine activity by blocking the dopamine transporters at the synaptic clefts.
- midbrain
- the portion on the brain where the emotional behavior of love is formed.
- Mnemonic devices
- ways of facilitating memory of factual information by associating it with something meaningless that helps recall the information, can be personal, spatial or musical.
- momotremes
- mammal retains retilian way of giving birth to an egg. ex. platypus and echidnas.
- Mutualism
- vitamin production, microbial antagonism
- Mutualization
- cellulose digestion, bio-mining, and biodegradation and geochemical cycles.
- naked egg
- aquatic organisms utilize fertilization. primitive marine organism, sear urchins, corals, clams. mass release, low survival rate
- necrosis
- accident death of cells and tissues due to trauma and toxicity
- needs for spatial memory
- finding food and water, capturing prey, searching for mates, migration
- neurobiology of Passion
- found in the limbic system and the cerebral cortex.
- noradrenaline or norephinephrine
- causes the production of epinephrine which is responsible for the flushing cheeks and sweaty palms that accompany the excitement of falling in love.
- omasum
- absorption of water
- oxytocin
- long term relationships are maintained by the production of this.
- parasitism
- pathogenic microbes, infectious diseases
- passion
- a desire for another person, which has grown to an intensity that cannot be ignored. this is often where an emotional relationship turns physical relationship. the passion stage is very important. its a plateau. from here the relationship will fork into t
- petite seizures
- last only a few seconds and may be unnoticeable. children with this often have learning difficulties
- phantom limbs
- 50-80%of amputees experience this.
- phenylethylamine
- a neurotransmitter that is released during the passion of love.
- physiological arousal (fear)
- amydale reacts to this.
