- "ACE inhibitors" work as antihypertensive drugs by
- decreasing angiotensin II formation.
- A chemical that is produced by virus-infected cells and released to provide nonspecific antiviral protection to neighboring cells is
- interferon.
- A clot in an unbroken vessel is called
- thrombosis
- A floating blood clot is called an
- Embolus
- A function of FSH in the male is to
- initiate spermatogenesis.
- A person's ABO blood type is determined by antigens present in the
- Erythrocytes
- A vitamin important for blood clotting is
- K
- Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system inhibits motility of the digestive tract.
True or false?
- false
- Agranular leukocytes that are phagocytic are the
- monocytes/macrophages
- Although air contains about 79% nitrogen, very little of it dissolves in blood plasma because of its low solubility coefficient. This is an example of
- Henry’s Law
- An increase in the permeability of the cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to
- an increase in the production of ADH
- An increase in venous return most directly affects
- stroke volume.
- Angiotensin II affects urinary out put in what way?
- It is apotent vasoconstrictor and constricts both the afferent and efferent arteriole thus decreasing Glomerular Filtration Rate. (GFR)
- Antibodies are
- gamma globulin glycoproteins.
- Antibodies are produced by
- plasma cells
- As blood enters the systemic capillaries what happens?
- pO2 is high in the blood and low in the tissues
- As part of the processing of exogenous antigens, an antigen-presenting cell digests an antigen into fragments and also synthesizes and packages
- MHC II antigens.
- B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells in the
- germinal centers of lymph nodes.
- Beta oxidation is the process by which .....
- fatty acids are broken down for use in the Krebs Cycle.
- Blood flows from the superior vena cava into the
- right atrium
- Blood flows into the coronary arteries from the
- Ascending aorta
- CCK promotes bile release from the gall bladder.
True or False? - True
- Cholesterol is carried to tissue cells by
- low-density lipoproteins
- Citric Acid and Fructose is used by sperm but why?
- It is used for ATP production by the sperms
- Cytotoxic T cells recognize antigens combined with
- MHC-I antigens.
- Define Prostaglandins
- it contributes to sperm motility and viability
- Define Semenogelin
- it coagulates semen after ejacultion
- Define Spirometry.
- it is a machine that measures the air flow in and out of the lung.
- Destruction od red blood cells results in
- Anemia
- Dissolution of blood clot is called
- fibrinolysis
- Does epinephrine decrease or increase BP?
- decreases
- During internal and external respiration gases move by
- diffusion
- During swallowing the nasal cavity is closed off by the soft palate and the
- uvula
- During the menstrual cycle, LH is at its highest levels
- just prior to ovulation.
- Enzymes of the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain are located in the
- mitochondria
- Erythropoietin is synthesized by the
- Kidneys
- Extracellular fluids are
- high in sodium and low in potassium.
- Formed elements that are biconcave discs about 78mm in diameter are called
- erythrocytes
- Gastric emptying is stimulated by
- CCK
- Glycogenesis is?
- The process of glycogen formation
- Growth factors that regulate teh differentiation and profileration of red blood cells are called
- Erythropoietin
- Hemoglobin picks up a hydrogen ion when
- it releases oxygen to tissues.
- Holding your breath for an extended period of time results in
- respiratory acidosis.
- How many ATPs are generated per glucose (that is for 2 acetyl CoA) by oxidative phosphorylation during the Krebs cycle? Also include the Preparatory/Intermediate step.
- 28
- Hydrogen ions are normally eliminated from the body
- by excretion in urine.
- If air enters the pleural cavity it is known as
- pneumothorax
- In compensating for metabolic acidosis, the body
- increases respiratory rate.
- In compensating for respiratory alkalosis, the body excretes more
- bicarbonate ions.
- In the electron transport chain, ATP is produced when?
- Hydrogen ions move back into the matrix via ATP sysnthesis
- increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system will?
- decrease production of digestive juices
- Inflammed tissues attract phagocytes by a phenomenom called
- Chemotaxis
- Ions that change the heart rate:
- Ca++
Na+
- Lactic acid is produced as a result of the chemical conversion of the?
- pyruvic acid
- Levels of sodium ions in the extracellular fluid are regulated primarily by
- aldosterone.
- Leydig cells are located
- in spaces between adjacent seminiferous tubules.
- Menstrual cycle occurs when?
- 1. small secondary follicles in each ovary begin to develop
2.the stratum functionalis layer of the endometrium is shed, discharging blood, tissue fluid, mucus, and epithelial cells - most absorption of nutrients occurs where?
- small intestine
- Mr. Jones developed acidosis or a fever, you would expect the oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve to
- shift to the right, causing more oxygen to be released to his cells
- Name the 3 accessory glands in the male.
- seminal vesicle, prostate gland and bulbourethral or Cowper's gland
- Name the correct sequence of parts through wich blood flows from the vena cave to the lungs.
- right atrium, triscupid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery.
- Name the correct tubing order of food movement
- ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum
- Name the sequence of exitation.
- SA node
AV node
Atrioventricular (bundle of his)
bundle branches (interventricular septum)
purkinje Fibers
- On an ECG, depolarization of the ventricles is represented by the
- QRS complex
- On ECG, depolarization of the atria is represented by the
- P wave
- Once ventricular pressure falls below artrial pressure
- AV valves open and the ventricles begin to fill
- Ovulation is?
- the rupture of the vesicular ovarian (Graafian) follicle with release of the secondary oocyte into the pelvic cavity
- Oxygen is transported by red blood cells by binding to
- the iron ion in the heme portion of hemoglobin
- Oxygen is transported by the red blood cells by binding to?
- the iron in the heme portion of the hemoglobin
- pluripotent stem cells produce
- basophils, thrombocytes, neutrophils, & lymphocytes.
- Postovulatory or secretory phase is?
- the time between ovulation and onset of the next menstrual period.
- Preovulatory phase, or proliferative phase is?
- is the time between menstruation and ovulation
- Production of histaminase is an important function of
- basophils
- Pyruvate is converted into_________before it enters Krebs Cycle
- acetyl CoA
- Reabsorption of high levels of glucose and amino acids in the filtrate is accomplished by
- secondary active transport
- Red blood cells do not consume any of the oxygen they transport because
- They do not have the cellular machinery for aerobic ATP production
- red blood cells do not consume any of the oxygen they transported because they
- do not have the cellular machinery for aerobic ATP production
- Secretin function is to?
- Increases bile production by the liver
- Sequence of parts that function to carry cardiac impulses is?
- SA node, AV node, bundle of his, right and left bundle branches, purkinje fibers.
- Specific disaccharides are hydrolyzed by enzyme found in
- intestinal juice
- Sperm production in the male requires a scrotal temperature that is
- lower than body temperature.
- Starting with the oropharnyx name the correct tubing which food fallows when swallowed....
- oropharynx, laryngopharynx, esophagus, stomach, pyloric valve
- Stimuation of the heart by autonomic neve fibers traveling with the vagus nerve causes
- Decreased heart rate and decreased ventricular contractility
- Surfactant aids in what?
- reduces the surface tension in alveoli
- Testosterone is produced by
- interstitial cells.
- Th efunction of intercalated discs is to
- Provide a mechanism for rapid conduction of action potentials among myofibers
- The acrosome of a sperm cell contains
- hyaluronidase for egg penetration.
- The amount of oxygen released by the hemoglobin molecules in the blood to the tissues
- increases as blood pH decreases(acidity increases)
- the appendix is attached to the?
- cecum
- THe atrioventricular valves close when the
- ventricles contract
- The AV valves open when
- when the ventricular pressure falls below atrial pressure
- The biscupid valve is located in the
- left atrium and the left ventricle
- the breakdown product of ring structure in heme is?
- bilirubin
- The buffy coat of centrifuged blood consists mainly of
- white blood cells and platelets.
