Ch 13 Gross Anatomy Of The Spinal Cord-:- Flashcards by cueFlash

cueFlash > Decks > Ch 13 Gross Anatomy Of The Spinal Cord

Glossary of Ch 13 Gross Anatomy of the Spinal Cord

Deck Info

Description

Learn about nuclei, posterior gray horns, anterior gray horns, latral gray horns, gray commissure, white matter of the spinal cord, posterior white columns, anterior white columns, lateral white column, tract

Recent Users

Other Decks By This User

nuclei: groups of cell bodies in the gray matter of the CNS

posterior gray horns: contain somatic and visceral sensory mnuclei

anterior gray horns: contain somatic motor nuclei

latral gray horns: only located in the thoracic and lumbar segments contain visceral motor nuclei

gray commissure: posterior to and anterior tot he central canal containing axons that cross from one side of the cord to the other befor they reach a destination in the gray matter

white matter of the spinal cord: superficial contains large #s of myelinated and unmyelinated axons- divided into 3 regions called colums

posterior white columns: lie b/t the posterior gray horns and the posterior median sulcus

anterior white columns: lie b/t the anterior gray horns and the anterior median fissure- interconnected by anterior white commissure

lateral white column: the withe matter b/t the anterior and posterior columns on each side

tract: contained by each column of white matter- a bundle of axons in the CNS that relatively uniform with respect to diameter, myelination, and conduction speed- all axons w/in a tract relay same kind of info in the same direction- short tracts carry info b/t segments of the spinal cord- long tracts connect the spinal cord w/ the brain

ascendind tract: carry sensory info toward the brain

preganglionic fibers: distally, the first branc from the spinal nerve that carries visceral motor fibers to a sympathetic ganglion- preganglionic fibers are myelinated- called the white ramus

postganionic fibers: innervate smoth smucles, glands, and organs in the thoracic cavity extend directly from the ganglion to their respective effector organs- form a series of sympathetic nerves- unmyelinated and gray- known as the gray ramus

peripheral neuropathies: regional losses of sensory and motor function most often resulting from nerve trauma or compression

nerve plexus: where the ventral rami of adjacent spinal nerves blend their fibers and produce a serios of compound nerve trunks; the ventral rami form 4 major pluxuses: cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral

cervical plexus: consists of the ventral rami of spinal nervs C1-C5; the branches of the cerv plex innervate the muscles of the neck and extend into the thoracic cavity

phrenic nerve: major nerve of the cervical plexus- provides nerve supply to the diaphragm

brachial plexus: innervates the pctoral girdle and upper limb- C5-T1- nerves that form this plexus orig from trunks and cords- musculocutaneous nerve, median nerve, ulnar nerve, axillary nerve, radial nerve

trunks: large bundles of axons contributed by several spinal nerves (brachial plexus)

cords: smaller branches that originate at the trunks (brachial plexus)

cords and trunks named after_____: their location relative to the axillary artery

Lumbar Plexus: contains axons from ventral rami of spinal nervs T12-L14

neuronal pools: functional groups of inrerconnected neurons; can be diffuse, or localized;; diff neural circuits

neural circuits: the pattern of interaction among neurons that provides clues tot the functional characteristics ofa neuronal pool: divergence, convergence, serial processing, paralellel prcessing, reverberation

Reflexes: rapid, automatic responses to specific stimuli- preserve homeostatsis by making rapid adjustments in the function of organs or organ systems

reflex arc: the wiring of a single reflex

steps in a simple neural stretch reflex: 1. arrival of stimulus and activation of receptor
2. The activation of a sensory neuron
3. Information processing
4. Activation of a motor neuron
5. response of a peripheral effector

Reflexes are classified on the basis of:: 1. Thier development
2. The nature of the resulting motor response
3. the complexity of the neural circuit involved
4. the site of info processing

innate reflexes: result from conncetions that form b/t neurons during development-appear in a predictable sequence; genetically or developmentally programmed

innate reflex examples: w/draw from pain; chewing, suckling, tracking objects w/ eyes

acquired reflexes: more complex, learned motor patterns; rapid automatic responses but are learned

Somatic Reflexes: provide a mechanism for the involuntary control of the musc. system

somatic reflex examples: superficial reflexes (those triggered by stimuli at the skin or mucous membranes; stretch reflexes (triggered by the sudden elongation of a tendon; deep tendon flex

monosynaptic reflex: simplest reflex arc; sensory neuron synapses directly on a motor neuron

polysynaptic reflex: longer delay b/t stimulus and response; can produce more complicated responses b/c the interneurons can control motor neurons that activate several muscle groups simultaneously

intersegmental reflex arcs: the most complicated spinal reflexes in which many segments interact to produce a coordinated, highly variable response

Add Cards

You must login to add cards