- A lack of oxygen is known as what?
- Anaerobic
- Describe Cardiac muscle.
- Forms the heart, striated, involuntary.
- Describe skeletal muscle.
- Attached to bones, striated, and voluntary.
- Describe Smooth Muscle cells
- ShorterLack Striationsingle, centrall lovated nucleusRelatively undeveloped Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
- Describe Smooth Muscle.
- walls of hollow organs, not striated, involuntary.
- Describe the "A" band.
- overlaps the actin and is dark
- Describe the "I" band.
- thin and held by structures caled z line
- Does smooth muscle contract longer than skeletal muscle?
- Yes
- During rest or moderate exercise your cells us what to produce ATP?
- Oxygen
- During strenuous or prolonged exercise, the muscles use up all the what?
- oxygen
- Each skeletal muscle is what?
- a single long cylindrical cell
- Heat is the result of what in Muscle tissue?
- of muscle metabolism and contractile activity
- In Nerve activity, each muscle fiber is connected to what?
- a nerve ending that controls its activity
- In smooth muscle, calcium comes from what instead of the sarcoplasmc reticulum like skeletal muscle?
- extracellular material
- In step 1 of relaxation calcium ions are moved back to what?
- The sarcoplasmic reticulum
- In thick filament what does the head form links with?
- The actin
- Instead of binding to Troponin in skeletal muscle, calcium binds to what in smooth muscle?
- calmodulin
- Is skeletal muscle multi nucleated?
- yes
- Is smooth muscle faster to contract and relax than skeletal muscle?
- no, its slower
- Is there any movement in an isometric contraction?
- no
- Movement includes what to things in muscle tissue?
- MobilityForcing of fluid and other substances through internal body channels
- Muscle fibers are stimulated by what?
- a motor neuron
- Myofibrils and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum are part of what?
- Skeletal muscle anatomy
- Myofibrils are made of two types of what?
- Filaments
- Reactions without oxygen cause a build up of what?
- Lactic acid which makes the muscles feel like they burn
- The link between the Actin and what breaks in step 2 of relaxation?
- Myosin
- Thick filament has what type of band?
- "A" Band
- Thick filament is a protein with what and what?
- Tail and Head
- Thin filament has a myosin ______ _______.
- Binding site
- Thin filament is protein with what?
- Two strands wound together
- Troponin and Tropomysosin are what?
- proteins that help regulate the muscle contraction
- Visceral tissue occurs in what?
- sheets
- What are 2 characteristics of cardiac muscle?
- Self exciting and rhythmic
Whole structure contracts as a unit - What are actin filaments pulled inward by in the 6th step of contraction?
- Myosin
- What are Sarcomeres?
- Contractile units
- What are the 2 types of muscle fibers?
- Slow Contraction (Slow twitch)Fast Contraction (Fast twitch)
- What are the 2 types of smooth muscle tissue?
- Multiunit
Visceral
- What are the 3 functions of muscle tissue?
- MovementMaintain PostureGenerate body heat
- What are the 3 similarities between smooth and skeletal muscle?
- Use actin and myosintriggered by nerve and calcium releaseuses energy from ATP
- What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
- SkeletalCardiacSmooth
- What are the 4 functional characteristics of Muscle Tissue?
- ExcitabilityContractilityExtensibilityElasticity
- What are the two characteristics of a Multiunit?
- fibers occur separatelyin blood vessels and iris of the eye
- What are the two types of filaments that make up Myofibrils?
- Thick filament (Myosin)Thin filament (Actin)
- What are the two types of isotonic contractions?
- ConcentricEccentric
- What are the two types of muscle contraction?
- Isotonic and Isometric
- What causes the sarcoplasmc reticulum to release calcium?
- Acetylcholine
- What covers the binding sites as they go back to their original position in step 4?
- Troponin and Tropomyosin
- What do intercalated discs do?
- join cells and transmit the force of contraction from one cell to the next
- What do motor neurons release in the first step of contraction?
- acetylcholine
- What do Sarcomeres extend from?
- z line to z line
- What does alternating I and A bands give the muscle?
- A striated appearance
- What does ATP energy do?
- provides energy for muscle contraction
- What does calcium bind to in the third step of contraction?
- Troponin
- What does intercalated discs aid in?
- the rapid transmission of impulses throughout the heart
- What does the myosin head form a link with in the 5th step of contraction?
- Actin binding site
- What goes back to their original position in step 3 of relaxation?
- Myosin heads
- What is an eccentric contraction?
- lengthening
- What is an isometric contraction?
- muscle length remains the same while muscle tension increases
- what is another word for oxygen
- aerobic
- What is contractility?
- the ability to shorten
- What is elasticity?
- The ability to return to normal shape
- What is excitability?
- the ability to receive and respond to stimulus
- What is extensibility?
- The ability to be stretched or extended.
- What is Isotonic contraction?
- the muscle changes in length
- What is peristalsis?
- the rhythmic muscle contraction in hollow organs and tubes
- What is Sarcolemma?
- Muscle cell membrane
- What is Sarcoplasm?
- similar to cytoplasm but contains large amouns of shared glycogen and myoglobin
- What is sliding filament theory?
- Muscles contract when actin and myosin filaments move past each other shortening the skeletal muscle fiber
- What is smooth muscle stimulated by?
- hormones or stretching
- What is the 7th step of contraction?
- Muscle fibers shorten
- what is the Neuromascular junction?
- The site where the motor neuron and the muscle fiber meet
- What is visceral tissue responsible for?
- Peristalsis
- What muscle fiber can contract for long periods of time?
- Slow contraction
- What muscle fiber contracts rapidly but fatigues rapidly as well?
- Fast Contraction
- What muscle fiber is also called white fiber?
- Fast Contraction
- What muscle fiber is also known as red fiber
- Slow contraction
- What type of band does Actin have?
- "I" band
- What type of filament is pulled out of the way, exposig binding sites in Actin?
- Tropomyosin
- What type of muscle tissue has intercalated discs?
- Cardiac
- Whats a concentric contraction?
- shortening
- Where's visceral tissue found?
- the walls of hollow organs
