- Lipids Provide
- Protection and insulation.
- A 15% salt solution contains how many grams of salt per 100 ml of water?
- 15 grams
- A change in protein shape that causes it to become nonfunctional is referred to as
- Denaturation.
- A change of 1 pH unit represents how much change in hydrogen ion
concentration? - 10-fold change in the H+ concentration.
- A double covalent bond is represented by a
- Double line between atoms.
- A double covalent bond means:
- When 4 electrons are being shared
- A mixture of materials that separate from each other when the mixing stops are part of a
- Suspension.
- A molecule of carbon dioxide consists of
- One carbon bound to two oxygen atoms.
- A negative charged ion is referred to as a
- Anion
- A pH of 7 is said to be
- Neutral solution.
- A positive charged ion is referred to as
- Cation
- A single covalent bond is represented by a
- Single line between atoms.
- A single covalent bond means:
- When one electrons are being shared.
- Acidic solutions have
- A greater concentration of H= than OH-.
- Adenine always binds to
- Thymine by two Hydrogen bonds.
- Adenosine Triphosphate - ATP is composed of
- Adenosine and three phosphate groups.
- Alkaline solutions have
- A pH greater than 7 and have fewer H+ than OH-.
- All living and nonliving things are composed of
- Matter
- An atom that lost or gained an electron is called an ?
- Ion
- An oxygen molecule consists of
- Two Oxygen atoms bound together by covalent.
- Any substance that binds to hydrogen ions is a
- Base
- Any substance that releases hydrogen ions is an
- Acid
- ATP is important because of the energy stored
- In all living organism.
- ATP is often called the
- Energy currency of cells because it is capable of both, storing and provinding energy.
- Basic protein building blocks are
- 20 amino acid.
- Carbohydrates are composed of
- Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- Carbohydrates can be broken down to
- Provide the energy necessary for life.
- Carbohydrates undigested provide
- Bulk in feces, which helps maintain the normal function and health of digestive tract.
- Cellulose is used for
- Energy source
- Changes in pH are regulated by the action of buffers, which
- Resist changes in solution pH when either acids or bases are added.
- Chemical Energy
- Potential energy stored within its chemical bonds.
- Chemical Reactions-Reacting molecules must be
- Disssolved in water.
- Collectively decomposition reactions are referred to as
- Catabolism
- Collectively synthesis reactions are referred to as
- Anabolism
- Covalent bonding occurs when atoms share
- One or more pair of e-.
- Covalent bonds between amino acids are called
- Peptide bonds.
- Define what a decomposition reaction is:
- A large reactant is chemically broken down into two or more smaller products.
- Define what a synthesis reaction is:
- When two or more reactants chemically combine form a new and large product.
- Describe a colloid:
- Is a mixture in which a dispersed (solute like) substance is distributed throught a dispersing (solvenlike) substance.
- Describe how ionic bonding works:
- Chemical Bond that is formed when one atom loses an e- and another accepts that e-.
- Describe what important role hydrogen bonds play:
- In determining the shape of complex molecules
- Disaccharides are formed by
- Two single sugar bound by dehydration.
- Dissolving table salt (an ionic compound) in water will result in the ions separating from each other in the water. This is called
- Dissociate
- DNA and RNA consist of building blocks called
- Nucleotides.
- DNA contains the information for
- The structure of proteins.
- DNA has __________
- Two strands of nucleotides twisted together to form a twisted, double helix.
- DNA is the cell’s
- Genetic material
- DNA stands for
- Deoxyribonucleic acid
- Eicosanoids are important
- Regulatory molecules with numerous effects.
- Eicosanoids derived from
- Fatty acid
- Electrolytes are composed of what in water?
- Cations and anions.
- Energy that is actually working and moving matter is
- Kinetic
- Enzymes are
- Protein Catalyst
- Enzymes control
- The rate of chemical reactins proceed in living systems.
- Enzymes is protein catalyst that
- Increases the rate a chemical reaction proceeds.
- Fatty acids differ from one another in
- Length and degree
- For every oxygen atom in a carbohydrate there are
- Two hydrogen atoms.
- Functionally carbohydrates are important:
- Parts of other organic molecules.
- Functionally proteins are important to regulate
- bodily processes.
- Glycogen is also known as
- Animal starch.
- Glycogen is an important
- Energy storage molecule.
- Glycogen is composed of
- Many glucose molecules.
- Guanine always binds to
- Cytosine by thre hydrogen bonds.
- Heat Energy
- Energy that flows between objects that are at diff. temp.
- How many grams in a kilogram?
- 1 gram
- How many milliosmoles in an osmole?
- 1/1000
- How many pounds in a kilogram?
- 2.2 Pounds
- Hydrogen Bonds results when a positive charged hydrogen atom of one molecule is attracted to the
- Neg. charged O, N, or fluorine of another molecule.
- Increasing concentration of reactants
- The grater the rate at which a give chemical reation proceeds.
- Increasing temperature means
- Increase of kinetic energy.
- Isomers are
- Molecules that have same number and types of atoms but diff. in their three dimensional arrangement.
- Isotopes are
- Have the same num. of protons and e- but diff. num. of neutrons.
- Isotopes of an element have different numbers of
- Neutrons.
- Lipids are composed of
- Carbon, hydrogen and Oxygen.
- Lipids are major
- Energy storage.
- Lipids form
- Plasma membranes.
- Lipids Regulate
- Many physiologic Processes.
- List 2 important pentoses:
- Fructose and galactose.
- List 3 common hexoses:
- Glucose, fructose and galactose.
- List several examples of steroids:
- cholesterol, bile salts, estrogen, progesterone and testosterone.
- Maltose is composed of
- Two glucose.
- Mass
- Represents the amount of matter
- Mechanical Energy results from
- The position of movement of objects.
- Most proteins also contain
- Sulfur
- Nitrogenous Organic Base-The double-ringed purines are:
- Adenine, and guanine.
- Nitrogenous Organic Base-The single-ringed pyrimidines are:
- Uracil, thymine and cytosine.
- Nonpolar covalent bonds are formed when
- e- are share equally betweem atoms.
- Nucleic acids composed of
- Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
- Nucleotides building block is composed of:Phosphate Group, Monosaccharide: In DNA this is
- Deoxyribose
- Nucleotides building block is composed of:Phosphate Group, Monosaccharide: In RNA this is
- Ribose
- One of the fatty acids is replaced by
- Molecule containing phosphate.
- Osmolality represents
- The num., not the type of particles in solution.
- Osmoles express
- The number of particles in a solution.
- Oxidation-reduction reactions
- Can be synthesis or decomposition reactions,Have one reactant gaining electrons, have one reactant losing electrons and can create ionic or covalent bonds.
- Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Chemical reactions that result from the exchange of
- Electron
